采用一种镍基合金钎料在1210 ℃、30 min条件下对0°+0°、0°+45°及0°+90° 3种[001]取向偏差的CMSX-4单晶高温合金进行真空钎焊连接及时效热处理，研究热处理前后母材取向偏差对接头微观组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明，3种取向偏差接头的钎料合金区微观组织与相组成相似，均由γ-Ni、γ′、γ+γ′共晶、M₃B₂型硼化物、CrB、镍硅化合物以及γ-Ni+Ni₃B+CrB三元共晶相组成。钎料中的降熔元素B向母材扩散不明显，接头的扩散影响区未见脆性化合物相析出。接头经过热处理后，元素扩散均匀，脆性的化合物相减少。当焊缝两侧的母材存在取向偏差时，焊缝中心处可观察到连续的晶界。对3种取向偏差钎焊接头进行室温与高温拉伸性能测试可知，母材取向偏差对未热处理的钎焊接头的室温和高温拉伸性能无显著影响，但经过热处理后，母材取向偏差对接头的室温与高温强度影响较大。断口观察发现，断裂位置均为钎料合金区，而经过热处理后的取向偏差接头，裂纹在焊缝中心的晶界处萌生并扩展，导致断裂。

Ni-based single crystal superalloy has excellent high temperature properties, which is the main materials for aero-engine turbine blade. In order to improve the yield strength of single crystal blades, the reliable bonding technology has become an increasingly indispensable key technology in the process of producing single crystal blades. However, there is inevitably an orientation deviation in the bonded single crystal component, owing to its shape complexity and randomness during assembly in the practice of bonding single crystal components. The CMSX-4 single crystal superalloy with the orientation combination of 0°+0°, 0°+45° and 0°+90° were brazed by Ni-based filler alloy at 1210 ℃ for 30 min and carried out ageing heat treatment. The effect of base material orientation combination on the microstructure was analyzed by SEM, EBSD and EPMA. The mechanical properties of joints after bonding and ageing treatment were tested. The result indicates that the microstructures and phase compositions of three orientation combination joints were similar in the filler alloy zone, consisting of γ-Ni, γ′, γ+γ′ eutectic, M₃B₂ type boride, CrB, nickel-silicon compound and γ-Ni+Ni₃B+CrB ternary eutectic phase. The melting point depressant B in the filler alloy is not diffused significantly to the base material, and no brittle compound phase is precipitated in the diffusion affected zone of the joint. After ageing treatment, elements diffusion is uniform and brittle precipitates are reduced, and the continuous grain boundary can be observed at the center of the joint when the base material on both sides of the joint has orientation deviation. The testing results of mechanical properties show that the base material orientation deviation has no distinctly effect on the room and high temperature tensile properties of the joint. However, the tensile strengths of the joint at room and high temperature both reduce with orientation deviation after ageing treatment, but the degree of orientation deviation has no obvious influence on the tensile strength of the joint. The fracture of the three joints occurs in the filler alloy zone.