回火温度对2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V钢粒状贝氏体显微组织和力学性能的影响*
EFFECTS OF TEMPERING TEMPERATURE ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF GRANULAR BAINITE IN 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V STEEL
Accepted date: 2015-04-22
Online published: 2015-04-24
利用纳米压痕仪, OM, SEM, TEM, XRD, EPMA等设备研究了加氢反应器用2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V钢正火态粒状贝氏体组织及力学性能随回火温度的变化. 结果表明, 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V钢正火后得到由贝氏体铁素体、马氏体和残余奥氏体岛(M-A岛)组成的粒状贝氏体组织. 纳米压痕测量结果表明, 由于M-A岛中富集C, 其硬度显著高于贝氏体铁素体. 在回火过程中, M-A岛分解和贝氏体铁素体软化的综合作用导致了2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V钢在-18 ℃的冲击功随着回火温度的升高先增加后减少. 除了铁素体基体回复再结晶软化效应外, 粒状贝氏体组织中硬相M-A岛回火转变程度以及析出碳化物形貌、尺寸和分布是影响2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V钢冲击韧性的关键因素.
关键词： 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V钢; 粒状贝氏体; 冲击韧性; 马氏体-奥氏体岛
蒋中华,王培,李殿中,李依依 . 回火温度对2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V钢粒状贝氏体显微组织和力学性能的影响*[J]. 金属学报, 2015 , 51(8) : 925 -934 . DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00719
2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel is the most popular material used for pressure-vessel applied at elevated-temperature in hydrogen environment. For higher process efficiencies in future coal-conversion plants, chemical processing plants, and petrochemical-refining plants, much thicker cross-section component are necessary for constructing much larger pressure-vessel for these plants. Because of the thick cross-section, the cooling rate in the central region of the component is insufficient to obtain low bainite during quenching treatment, and a large amount of granular bainite appears in the central region. Previous studies have shown that good impact toughness can be achieved by appropriate tempering for 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel with low bainite microstructure. However, the impact toughness of 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel with granular bainite after tempering always cannot satisfy the demanding requirement due to the unclear understanding of the evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties during tempering. In this work, the influence of tempering on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel with granular bainite microstructure was investigated by OM, XRD, SEM, TEM and EPMA. The results show that the normalized 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel with granular bainite microstructure is composed of bainite ferrite and island of martensite and austenite (M-A island). Nanoindentation test indicates that M-A island is much harder than that of metrix bainite ferrite, because of the high concentration of carbon in M-A islands. The synergistic effect of the decomposition of M-A islands and softening of bainite ferrite determined that Charpy absorbed energy at -18 ℃ increases first and then decreases with the increasement of tempering temperature. The degree of decomposition of M-A islands and the morphology, size and distribution of carbides in granular bainite, coupled with the softening effect of bainite ferrite recrystallization are the key factors determining low-temperature impact toughness of 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel.
Key words： 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V steel; granular bainite; impact toughness; M-A island
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