采用干/湿交替腐蚀增重模拟实验、XRD以及EIS等方法, 研究了模拟工业-海岸大气中pH值变化对Q235B钢腐蚀行为的影响. 结果表明, 当SO₂浓度较低时, pH值变化对Q235B钢腐蚀速率的影响不明显; 当SO₂浓度较高时, pH值变化对Q235B钢腐蚀速率的影响存在极值现象, 即: 当pH值处于“较高”和“较低”之间某一值时, Q235B钢的腐蚀速率达到极大值. 当模拟工业-海岸大气中SO₂浓度一定时, pH值变化对Q235B钢表面锈层相组成的影响不明显. 分析表明, 模拟工业-海岸大气环境中SO₂的存在一定程度上抑制了β-FeOOH的形成. 随着SO₂浓度的升高, 锈层中β-FeOOH和ϒ-FeOOH的相对含量在减少, ϒ-FeOOH可能发生了向Fe₃O₄的还原或向α-FeOOH的相变转化. 随着腐蚀时间的延长, 锈层相组成的演化呈现出相似的规律. 此外, 当模拟工业-海岸大气中SO₂浓度较低时, Q235B钢腐蚀主要遵循Cl^-的循环机制, 改变pH值对钢腐蚀行为的影响不明显; SO₂浓度较高时, Q235B钢腐蚀初期主要遵循Cl^-的循环机制, 随着腐蚀时间的延长, SO₂对腐蚀的影响逐渐显著, 并以H₂SO₄再生循环的方式加速钢的腐蚀。

The atmosphere in many cities along the coastal lines such as Qingdao in China has been polluted with SO₂ due to the development of industry, and the atmosphere therefore has been changed to coastal-industrial atmosphere. The corrosion behavior and mechanism of steels in coastal-industrial atmosphere with the co-existence of SO₂ and Cl^- are different from that in the coastal atmosphere containing only Cl^- or the industrial atmosphere containing only SO₂. In addition, pH value is diverse in different coastal-industrial atmosphere. However, there are only few researches on the effect of pH value on the corrosion evolution of steels in the coastal-industrial atmosphere. Almost all the atmospheric corrosion data of steels were obtained by the field exposure test, which could not reflect the dependence of the atmospheric corrosion evolution of steels on pH value due to the difficulties in controlling the field conditions. In this work, the effect of pH value on the corrosion evolution of Q235B steel in the simulated coastal-industrial atmospheres has been investigated by the dry/wet cyclic corrosion test (CCT), XRD and EIS. The results indicate that, when the content of SO₂ is lower, changing pH value has no effect on the corrosion of the steel. When the content of SO₂ is higher, the corrosion rate of Q235B steel influenced by changing pH value shows an extreme phenomenon, that is, when the pH value being a certain value between the "higher" and the "lower", the corrosion rate of Q235B steel reaches the maximum value. When the SO₂ content is certain, changing pH value almost has no effect on the rust composition. To some extent, the existence of SO₂ inhibits the formation of β-FeOOH. With the increasing of SO₂ content, the relative contents of β-FeOOH and ϒ-FeOOH are decreasing, and ϒ-FeOOH maybe reduced back to Fe₃O₄ or transform to α-FeOOH. With the corrosion process prolongs, the rust evolution shows almost the same trend. In addition, when the content of SO₂ in the simulated coastal-industrial atmosphere is lower, the Q235B steel mainly follows Cl^- corrosion mechanism, and the influence of pH value on corrosion behavior of the steel is not obvious. When the content of SO₂ is higher, the Q235B steel also follows Cl^- corrosion mechanism in the early stage; with prolonging the dry/wet cyclic corrosion test number, H₂SO₄ regeneration mechanism accelerates corrosion of the steel as the effect of SO₂ on corrosion increasing significantly。