研究了终冷温度(550, 450和350 ℃)对Mn系超低碳高强度低合金钢组织及低温韧性的影响. 力学性能的测试结果表明, 在终冷温度为450 ℃时, 实验钢获得良好的强韧性配合, 屈服强度为775 MPa, 韧脆转变温度为-55 ℃. 组织观察及晶体学表征结果表明, 随着终冷温度的降低, 组织逐渐由粒状贝氏体向板条贝氏体和板条马氏体转变; 终冷温度为450 ℃时, 组织以板条贝氏体为主, 多数的板条束包含三组不同的板条块, 有效晶粒尺寸最小, 大角晶界比例达到最大. 解理裂纹扩展路径的观察结果表明, 具有大角晶界的贝氏体板条块对解理裂纹扩展具有显著的阻碍作用, 因此板条块尺寸细化、大角晶界比例增加是低温韧性改善的主要原因.

Recently, the steel plates used in the ship, pipeline and bridge generally required not only high strength but also excellent low temperature toughness. As a competitive candidate, the ultra-low carbon high strength low alloyed (HSLA) steel has been developed widely. The low temperature toughness depends on the microstructure of the steels. Therefore, the relationship of low temperature toughness and microstructure should be studied in detail. In the present work, the steel plates with 25 mm thickness after hot rolling were immediately water quenched to 550, 450 and 350 ℃(finish cooling temperature), respectively, and subsequently air cooled to room temperature. The effect of finish cooling temperature on the microstructure and low temperature toughness of Mn-series ultra-low carbon HSLA steel was investigated by SEM, TEM and crystallographic analysis. The results show that the granular bainite, lath bainite and martensite were obtained with finish cooling temperatures decreasing. There are three blocks with different orientations in a single packet for lath bainite microstructure in the sample with finish cooling temperature of 450 ℃, leading to the refinement of effective grain size and large amount of high-angle grain boundaries. Electron backscattered diffraction analyses of the cleavage crack path show that the bainite block boundaries can strongly hinder fracture propagation, and thus the refinement of bainite blocks can improve the low temperature toughness of Mn-series ultra-low carbon HSLA steel. Finally, the yield strength of 775 MPa and ductile-brittle transition temperature of -55 ℃can be achieved when the finish cooling temperature is 450 ℃.