HRS和LMC工艺制备的两种镍基单晶高温合金铸态及固溶微孔的形成
收稿日期: 2012-04-05
修回日期: 2012-07-01
网络出版日期: 2012-10-11
基金资助
国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目2010CB631201
FORMATION OF SOLIDIFICATION AND HOMOGENISATION MICROPORES IN TWO SINGLE CRYSTAL SUPERALLOYS PRODUCED BY HRS AND LMC PROCESSES
Received date: 2012-04-05
Revised date: 2012-07-01
Online published: 2012-10-11
Supported by
Supported by National Basic Research Program of China (No.2010CB631201)
通过对传统定向凝固(HRS)及液态金属冷却(LMC)$\,$2种工艺制备的镍基单晶高温合金铸态微孔和固溶微孔尺寸与分布的定量表征,分析了制备工艺以及合金成分对单晶合金铸态及固溶微孔形成的影响. 结果表明: 合金成分的差异导致本研究中HRS合金铸态微孔体积分数低于LMC合金. 2种合金经固溶热处理后, 在靠近表面的贫Al层及附近均形成大量的圆形固溶微孔, 该类微孔的数量随着与表面的远离而减少. 高温空气环境下Al向表面扩散形成贫Al层, 进而由于Kirkendall效应形成近表面固溶微孔. 高温下枝晶干和枝晶间的元素在扩散过程中产生的Kirkendall效应是合金内部固溶微孔的主要成因. LMC合金较小的一次枝晶臂间距和较低的元素凝固偏析程度使得其内部产生的固溶微孔数量远小于HRS合金.
石倩颖 李相辉 郑运荣 谢光 张健 冯强 . HRS和LMC工艺制备的两种镍基单晶高温合金铸态及固溶微孔的形成[J]. 金属学报, 2012 , 48(10) : 1237 -1247 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1037.2012.00172
Effects of processing techniques and alloying chemistry on the formation of solidification and homogenization micropores were investigated in this study for two single crystal nickel–based superalloys with different compositions produced by Bridgman (HRS) and LMC processes. The results show that the volume fraction of micropores in as–cast HRS alloy is lower than that in as–cast LMC alloy, and they are mainly influenced by alloy chemistry. After solution heat treatment, external and internal homogenization micropores are observed to form at the Al–depletion zone near the surface region and the internal zone away from the surface, respectively. The number of external homogenization micropores reduces with increasing the distance away from the surface. Responding to high temperature oxidizing environment (in air), the formation of such homogenization micropores is ascribed to fast outward diffusion of Al, which lead to the formation of Kirkendall voids within the Al–depletion zone. Additionally, the formation of internal homogenization micropores at high temperature is due to Kirkendall effect during the diffusion process of alloying elements between dendrite and interdendrite regions. Smaller primary dendrite arm spacing and lower level of solidification segregation in the LMC alloy results in much less internal homogenization micropores in comparison with the HRS alloy.
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