采用非平衡磁控溅射离子镀技术在铝合金表面分别制备了以Cr和Al为打底层,Cr-C和Al-Cr-C为过渡层的Cr/Cr-C/类石墨碳(GLC)和Al/Al-Cr-C/GLC复合镀层, 并与无打底层制备GLC镀层对比, 系统研究了不同镀层微观结构、膜基结合力及摩擦学性能. 结果表明, 铝合金基体表面Cr打底层呈柱状晶生长, Cr/C过渡层无柱状晶特征,且随过渡层增厚, 富Cr区域减少, 实现了成分的梯度变化; Al打底层与铝合金基体间为一个整体, 没有明显界面; Al-Cr-C过渡层的成分也呈梯度变化; 采用不同打底层和过渡层时, GLC层均为非晶态结构. 较无打底层制备GLC镀层, Cr/Cr-C/GLC和Al/Al-Cr-C/GLC复合镀层与铝合金基底间的膜基结合力显著增强, 以Al为打底层的复合镀层的失效临界载荷最大. 磨损实验中, 在不同载荷条件下2种复合镀层均具有低的摩擦系数.
Graphite–like carbon (GLC) film is a kind of antifriction coating. Cr/Cr–C/GLC and Al/Al–Cr–C/GLC composite coatings were prepared by using an unbalanced magnetron sputtering system on Al–based alloy, where Al and Cr layer are the sublayers, Cr–C and Al–Cr–C are the transition layers. As a comparation, the GLC coating without sublayer was also deposited on the substrate. The microstructure, binding force and tribological properties of as–deposited coatings were studied. The results show that the Cr sublayer shows a columnar growth structure, while the columnar grain is not found in the Cr–C transition layer which has a gradient composition distribution. There is a good combining interface between Al sublayer and Al–based alloy substrate. Al–Cr–C transition layer has a gradient composition distribution also. GLC layers based on different sublayers and transition layers have amorphous structures. Compared with GLC coating without sublayer, the binding forces of Cr/Cr–C/GLC and Al/Al–Cr–C/GLC composite coatings are obviously higher, and the Al/Al–Cr–C/GLC composite coating has the maximum critical load. Under different loading conditions, the friction coefficients of both Cr/Cr–C/GLC and Al/Al–Cr–C/GLC composite coatings are low and similar to each other.
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