采用高能球磨法制备了不同体积分数的碳纳米管(CNT)与Al粉的混合粉末, 用粉末冶金工艺制备了CNT/Al 复合材料. 微观结构分析表明, 球磨可以分散一定含量的CNT到Al基体中, 并与其产生良好结合. 在适当的球磨工艺下, 球磨不会造成CNT的严重损伤. 拉伸实验表明, CNT体积分数为1.5%时, 力学性能达到了最高值, 屈服强度相对于纯Al基体提高了53.6%. 而CNT体积分数为3%时, 形成了大量的CNT团聚, 力学性能迅速下降. CNT/Al复合材料的主要强化机制为细晶强化和载荷传递.
The mixture powders of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and aluminum were high-energy ball-milled, and then the CNT/Al composites with different CNT contents were fabricated using a power metallurgy method. Microstructure examinations show that a certain volume of CNTs can be uniformly dispersed in the Al matrix by ball-milling and the CNTs have a close bonding with the Al matrix. By using an appropriate ball-milling process flow, the CNTs suffer no serious damage. Tensile tests indicate that the composite reinforced by 1.5% (volume fraction) CNTs exhibits the best mechanical performance, and the yield strength is improved by 53.6% compared with the Al matrix. When the CNT volume fraction reaches 3%, lots of clusters are formed in the composite, and therefore the tensile properties are significantly reduced. Both grain refinement and load transfer are proved to be the strengthening mechanisms of the CNT/Al composites.
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