熔盐堆用镍基合金失效机理与改性策略研究进展
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王优, 陈向阳, 王煦嘉, 汤春桃, 沈朝, 曾小勤
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Progress in Failure Mechanisms and Modification Strategies of Nickel-Based Alloys for Molten Salt Reactors
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WANG You, CHEN Xiangyang, WANG Xujia, TANG Chuntao, SHEN Zhao, ZENG Xiaoqin
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表5 常见涂层体系、制备工艺及主要工艺特点与适用条件[71~75]
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Table 5 Summary of typical coating systems, preparation processes, main process features, and applicable conditions[71-75]
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| Typical coating material system | Coating preparation method | Main process feature and applicable condition |
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| Cr, Cr-Zr, Cr-Nb, Cr-Al | Physical vapor deposition (PVD) | Forms dense and uniform coatings with controllable thickness; suitable for complex geometries; limited deposition rate; coating adhesion depends on substrate pretreatment | | Cr, Cr-Al, Cr-Ni, Cr-Fe | High power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) | Produces dense, defect-free coatings with high ionization of sputtered species; excellent adhesion and microstructure uniformity; suitable for oxidation- and corrosion-resistant coatings on structural materials | Cr3C2, SiC, TiN | Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) | Enables good conformal coverage and high coating purity; applicable for diffusion barriers and high-temperature environments; requires high deposition temperature (700-1000 oC) | Ni, Ni-W, Ni-Mo | Electroplating/electrochemical deposition | Low-cost and scalable process; capable of producing uniform metallic coatings; limited by substrate conductivity and coating compactness; post-deposition annealing improves adhesion | | Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Al, Fe-Cr-Al | Cold spray | Solid-state deposition with minimal oxidation; produces thick coatings with high bonding strength; suitable for large components and localized repair | | Ni-Cr, Ni-Cr-Al, Ni-Mo | Laser cladding/surface melting | Achieves metallurgical bonding with substrate and gradient composition transition; effective for high-temperature oxidation protection; potential thermal stress and dilution at interface | Al2O3, SiO2, Y2O3 | Sol-gel/dip coating | Simple and cost-effective; applicable to complex geometries; suitable for oxide protective films; poor adhesion under thermal cycling unless combined with interlayer |
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