超高强度钢析出相调控与强化机理研究现状及发展趋势

张朝磊, 潘晓坤, 高军恒, 吴宏辉, 毛新平

Research Status and Development Trend of Precipitation Phase Regulation and Strengthening Mechanism in Ultra-High Strength Steel

ZHANG Chaolei, PAN Xiaokun, GAO Junheng, WU Honghui, MAO Xinping

表5 超高强度钢中典型碳化物、金属间化合物及纳米团簇特征^[82~89]

Table 5 Characteristics of typical carbides, intermetallic compounds, and nanoclusters in ultra-high strength steel^[82-89]

Precipitate	Phase	Crystal structure	Chemical composition	Typical orientation relationship	Shape
Carbide	MC	fcc	(Ti, Mo, Nb, V)C	(100) _M_C//(100) _α, [010] _M_C//[011] _α	Disk-like
	M₂C (η-carbide)	hcp	(Mo, Cr, V, Mn)₂C	(110) _η //(101) _α, [001] _η //[100] _α	Irregular
	ε-carbide	hcp	Fe_2.4C	[2 $\bar{1} \bar{1}$ 0] _ε //[1 $\bar{1}$ 1] _α	Needle-like
	M₃C	Orthorhombic structure	(Fe, Mn, Cr)₃C	(001) $_{M_{3} C}$ //( $\bar{1}$ 12) _α, [100] $_{M_{3} C}$ //[0 $\bar{1}$ 1] _α	Needle-like
	M₇C₃	hcp	(Cr, Fe)₇C₃	-	Fine and dispersed
	M₂₃C₆	fcc	(Cr, Fe, Mo)₂₃C₆	(100) $_{M_{23} C_{6}}$ //(100) _α, [010] $_{M_{23} C_{6}}$ //[010] _α	Chain-like
	M₆C	fcc	(Ni, Co)₆C, (Fe, W, Mo)₆C	(001) $_{M_{6} C}$ /(011) _α, [110] $_{M_{6} C}$ //[111] _α	Cubic
Intermetallic compound and	Cu	bcc, 9R, fcc	Cu, Fe, Al, Ni, Mn	(110)_9R//(111) _α, [11 $\bar{4}$ ]_9R//[0 $\bar{1}$ 1] _α	Spherical, elongated
nanocluster	Ni₃M	hcp, fcc,	(Ni, Fe, Co)₃(Ti, Mo, Al)	(010) $_{N i_{3} M o}$ //(011)_B, [100] $_{N i_{3} M o}$ //[11 $\bar{1}$ ]_B	Disk-like, rod-like
	NiAl	B2, bcc	Ni, Al, Mn, Fe, Cu	{001}_NiAl//{001}_B, 110_NiAl//110_B	Spherical, elongated
	Fe₂M (Laves phase)	hcp	Fe₂(Mo, Nb, W)	(01 $\bar{1}$ 2) $_{F e_{2} W}$ //(001) _α, [01 $\bar{1} \bar{1}$ ] $_{F e_{2} W}$ //[1 $\bar{1}$ 0] _α	Spherical, irregular