Steel grade (Remark) | Deoxidizer | Steel plant | Production process | Type of inclusion | Ref. | GCr15 (Bearing steel) | Al | - | - | Al2O3-MgO, | [2] | | | | | CaO-Al2O3-MgO | | 803J (Bearing steel) | Al | OVAKO, Sweden | EAF→ASEA-SKF→IC | CaO-Al2O3-MgO-CaS | [3] | SCM420 (Case hardening steel) | | Sanyo Steel, Japan | EAF→LF→RH→CC | CaO-MgO-Al2O3 | [4] | SCM435 (Case hardening steel) | Al | Xingtai Steel, China | BOF→LF→RH→CC | CaO-Al2O3-MgO | [5] | (IF steel) | Al | - | BOF→RH→CC | Al2O3 | [6] | X70 (Pipeline steel) | Al | NISCO, China | BOF→LF→RH→CC | CaO-Al2O3-MgO | [7] | X80 (Pipeline steel) | Al | Shougang, China | BOF→LF→RH→CC | CaO-Al2O3-MgO | [8] | (ULC steel) | Al-Ti | Tata Steel, India | - | Al2O3-TiO x | [9] | ORVAR2M (Tool steel) | Al | Uddeholm, Sweden | EAF→LF→VD→IC | CaO-Al2O3-MgO | [10] | 20CrMnTi (Gear steel) | Al-Ti | - | BOF→LF→CC | CaO-Al2O3-MgO-TiO x | [11] | (LCAK steel) | Al | JISCO, China | BOF→LF→CSP | CaO-Al2O3-MgO-CaS | [12] | LX82A (Tire cord steel) | Si-Mn | Xingtai Steel, China | BOF→LF→CC | SiO2-MnO-Al2O3, | [13] | | | | | CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 | | LX82A (Tire cord steel) | Si-Mn | Jiyuan Steel, China | BOF→LF→CC | SiO2-MnO-Al2O3, | [14] | | | | | CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 | | 60Si2Mn-Cr (Spring steel) | Al | - | BOF→LF→CC | CaO-Al2O3-MgO | [15] | (Spring steel) | Si-Mn | Baosteel, China | EAF→LF→VD→CC | CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 | [16] | SAE 9254 | Si-Mn | ArcelorMittal, Brazil | BOF→LF→CC | CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 | [17] | U75V (Rail steel) | Si-Mn | Baotou Steel, China | BOF→LF→VD→CC | CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 | [18] | U71Mnk (Rail steel) | Si-Mn | - | BOF→LF→VD→CC | CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO | [19] |
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