Nb-Si基超高温合金及其定向凝固工艺的研究进展

陈瑞润, 陈德志, 王琪, 王墅, 周哲丞, 丁宏升, 傅恒志

Research Progress on Nb-Si Base Ultrahigh Temperature Alloys and Directional Solidification Technology

CHEN Ruirun, CHEN Dezhi, WANG Qi, WANG Shu, ZHOU Zhecheng, DING Hongsheng, FU Hengzhi

表 1 合金化元素对Nb-Si合金的影响[29,32~37,40~42,47,50,51,53~55,57,58,60~62]

Table 1 The effects of alloying elements on Nb-Si alloys[29,32-37,40-42,47,50,51,53-55,57,58,60-62]

Element Advantage Disadvantage Ti[29,32] The room temperature fracture toughness is The melting point of the alloy is reduced; Reduce high improved (> 10%, atomic fraction); Promote temperature creep the precipitation of eutectic structure Zr[36,37,40] The fracture toughness at room temperature is Reduce melting point of alloy improved and the decomposition of inert phase is promoted; Increase the proportion of ductile phase Ni[36] Promote the decomposition of inert phase Reduce melting point of alloy Cr[42] Solution strengthening increases hardness and Reduce melting point of alloy; Precipitate Cr2Nb strength phase, which reduces the room temperature fracture toughness (more than 6%, atomic fraction) Si[34,41,47] Increase the content of silicide phase to improve Reducing room temperature, plasticity, and fracture high temperature performance toughness Hf[35,50,51] Increase high temperature strength and oxidation High cost resistance; The eutectic structure is reduced and the room temperature fracture toughness is improved Ta[53,54] The room temperature fracture toughness is High cost improved; Improve high temperature performance W[54] Improve high temperature performance Reduce room temperature fracture toughness Mg[55] Passivated silicide phase - B[57,58] Improve high temperature performance; Reduce antioxidant activity (more than 6%, atomic Increase the atom binding force of silicide fraction) Mo[33,61] Promote the decomposition of inert phase; Large excess addition reduces room temperature Improve high temperature strength fracture toughness Rare-earth[60,62] The room temperature fracture toughness is High cost improved; Improve ductility