图1. 经典形核理论中析出相形成时Gibbs自由能变化随着半径R变化的示意图^[11]

Fig.1. Schematic representation of the Gibbs energy changes associated with precipitate formation as a function of their radius R in the classical nucleation theory (ΔG^* is the nucleation barrier, R^* is the critical radius for stable precipitates, R_{k_{\mathrm{B}}T}^{\mathrm{*}} is the radius at which stable precipitates nucleate, Z is the Zeldovich factor, k_B is the Boltzmann constant and T is the temperature)^[11]