图11. 固有应变法等效模型^[48]

Fig.11. Equivalent strain model with inherent strain method(k_s^{is the stiffness of spring element;k_Rx and k_Ry are the residual inherent strain equivalent stiffnesses on x-axis and y-axis, respectively;TG_x and TG_z are the temperature gradients on x-axis and z-axis, respectively)[48]}