The influence of superficially applied CeQ on the growth stresses in A1203 scales forned on Fe- 23Cr-5A1-0.2113 alloy at 900°C and 1000°C has been investigated by using a modified deflection technique. CeQ coating increased the mass gain of the alloy, pmted the convolution of A1203 scale, and increased the graYth oxide stresses. The creep of the alloy has a less effect on the relaxation of the growth stress in the convoluted scale than on that in the plane scale. Although less spallation of the convoluted scale during cooling, CeQ coating had no clear beneficial effect on the oxidation resistance of Fe-23Cr-5A1 alloy.

The plating bath with Pd(NH3)zC1z and the related process for electdeposition of palladium and palladium-nickel alloys were described, which were pre-applied for prepexation of Pd-dified aluminide coatings on the cast nickel-base superalloy M38 by pack cementation. EM, XRn and SEM were adopted to characterize the distribution of elements, the phase constituent and mrpholcgy of cross section of the Pd- ified aluminide coatings respectively in detail. A major difference with Pt-dified aluminide coatings may amibute to that the Pd containing zone was a single phase of the known P-(Pd,Ni,.,) Al. The aluminum concentration remained constant (55at % -60at % ) acnxss the outer layer of coating and balanced with the total concentration of palladium and nickel, in spite of a negative palladium concentration gradient.

By using the dynamic loop test system with dual speeds, which was designed and constructed by authors themselves , the cormion rate beneath deposit on API-PI05 in Cq-containing ,simulating injection water of Iunnan 011 Field was measured with a simulating cell. The results shaved that the comion rate increased with increasing the ratio of the surface areas of cathode to that of ande(A,/A,). But when A,/A, increased to certain value, the comion rate decreased first, then increased with increasing A,/A,. In this paper, the non-mnotonic relationship between the comion rate and the A,/A, value is discussed and clarified. The comion rate was also be affected by such factors as flowing rate, partial pressure of aetc. When A,/A, was snall, there was little effect on it. But after A,/A, increased to certain value, the effect muld be larger.

The data management and prediction system for comion of metals in seawater has been prcgrarnmed by Visual Basic for windows. It could be used to browse, input, edit, SQI-inquiry databases and predict comion behavior. The prediction dels include artificial neural nemrk models and gray models. Using the system, we can inquire the comion behavior of general metals in seawater and predict the com5ion rate of new metals in different seawaters or comion behavior in the future.

the oxidation of pure Ce and Fe-Ce alloy containing 15% Ce (mass fraction) at low oxygen pressures was studied at 600 -800C . After oxidation pure Ce produced outer Ceq scale, but Fe-15Ce alloy produced rapidly internal oxidation of Ce .?he micmtmctures of the regions of internal oxidation follmd closely the of the original alloys, while no cerium depletion was observed around the internal oxidation front.

The powdery rust of bronze cultural relics can be removed by AMTand the light yel1o.v protective films may be fomd on its surface. But this colour can't meet the demands of cultural relics conservation. AMT romposite regent ACN can rmved powdery rust effectively and rapidly, the protective performance of films formed by that is also superior to that of films formed by AMTalone. In the meantime, the colour can meet the needs of cultural relics conservation. In this paper, the films formed by AMT composite reagent ACN on bronze surface were studied by the methods of X-ray Photoemission Specmcopy (XPS) and Auger Electron Spectmscopy (AES). Results skd that the films formed by ACN on bronze surface, which was adhere to powdery rust or not, contained N, S, C, 0 and Cu elements, but didn ' t contain C1 element. The chemical dination valence of Cu was + 1 valence in thesefilms.

The comion rates of A3 steel in different concentrations of naphthenic acid were determined by weight lass method. ?he ~uations of corrosion rate of A3 steel in naphthenic acid were obtained by approaching to the experimental results. ?he comion mechanism of A3 steel in naphthenic acid on the basis of the equation was presented. ?he observation of the surface mrpholcgv of A3 steel coded by naphthenic acid verified the reasonability of the presented corrosion mechanism.

The electrochemical parameters and their distribution of oil film were surveyed directly and the comion conditions of metal under oil film was studied by measuring the potential and comion current of each wire using wire beam electrode. The results shaved that there was comion cell beneath oil film where corrosion occurred locally, the metal in cathode area was protected and that in anode area was coded.

the effects of ultrasonic wave on the structure and properties of the hot dip galvanized coating were studied. It was shown that under the action of high-intensity ult~asonic wave there was no fragile Fe-Zn intermetallic ccmpound layer in the coating; the structure, surface (luality, adhesiveness and comion resistance of the coating were improved ranarkably. The mechanism of such improvements is theoretically discussed on the basis of acoustics.

The effects of hydrodynamic factors such as flow rate and regime, impact angle and particle properties have been reviewed in details. 'Ihe main topics were on the importance of hydrodynamic effects, the key hydrodynamic parameters, how to describe the hydrodynamic conditions, hav to get the local flow rate and its profile under disturbed flow conditions, and how to conml erosion-comion through hydrodynamic aspects.

The newly development of the chlorination of metallic materials was reviewed, and the comion characteristic,affecting factors and' several comion mechanisms of materials in chlorine containing environment were discussed .

the IR spectra which d-nsmted distribution of Sd,-anions during aansportation to coating/ metal interface were obtained at the cross section of coating/metal system by using IRmicroscopy with substration technique. It displayed applied pmpect and significance of micm-IR as a new method for the characterisation and study of the transportation the comive species in organic coating. ?he key point to perform the micm-IR techique lies in obtaining an optic-uniform cross section of coating/metal system.

Two elecucchemical methods have been developed for studying the pitting initiation, pitting propagation and inhibition. They are potenticstatic open-circuit relaxation curves and chronopotential method. 'Ihe results shav that the former can correctly reflect the absorption of the inhibitor on the metal surface and the display the pitting initiation and pitting propagation. The latter can qualitatively reflect the level and the inhibition of pitting propagation , while this method needs to be further improved.

Failure samples of tee and flange wre evamined by using micmcope, !%M, XPS, micmhardnm mter and fernmagnetic mter. ?he results &wad that the crack of tee and flange wre attributed to the hyhen induced crack (HIC), and the samples wre sensitive to chloride stress corrosion crack. In the case of envimmnt with high F& pressures, hydrcgen was the min factor, and mrk hardening and increasing in stress and hardness at wld zone VEX inducing factors for the crack of tee and flange. 'Ihe protective masures m prowed. KEY WORDS stainless steel, tee and Flange, crack, failure

kugh analysises of chemical mition, fracture, micmtructure and cornion pduct by electron pmbe, it is sbnvn that stress cornion result? in the failure of the flange.

Hydrcgen-induced stress corrosion is one of the main failure modes for drill stem elements. It was examply stated that the macro and rnicrn features of hydrcgen-induced stress cornion and factors affecting on it for drill stem elements in hydrcgen-producing environment. The measures to prevent drill stem elements fran hydrcgen-induced stress comion have been put forward.