A New Class of Ordered Structure Between Crystals and Quasicrystals

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00357

Acta Metall Sin

2018, Vol. 54

Issue (11): 1490-1502 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00357

Microstructures

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A New Class of Ordered Structure Between Crystals and Quasicrystals

Gaowu QIN(

), Hongbo XIE, Hucheng PAN, Yuping REN

Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China

Cite this article:

Gaowu QIN, Hongbo XIE, Hucheng PAN, Yuping REN. A New Class of Ordered Structure Between Crystals and Quasicrystals. Acta Metall Sin, 2018, 54(11): 1490-1502.

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Abstract

This paper briefly reviews the development and research history of strutures of the solid matters, and highlight two new strcutures of precipitates in Mg alloys found by our group recently. (1) The isothermally aged (Mg, In)₂Ca "Laves phase" contains two separate unit cells promoting the formation of five tiling patterns. The bonding of these patterns leads to the generation of the present phase but without any six-fold rotational symmetry in a long-range on the (0001)_L basal plane, constrainted by the Penrose geometrical rule, completely different from the known Laves phases. (2) The MgZn five-fold nanodomain structure is self-assembled by two separate unit cells (72° rhombus structure: MgZn₂, and 72° equilateral hexagon structure: MgZn) under the Penrose geomotrical constraints, containing 2D five-fold symmetry locally and short-range ordered C14 and C15 Laves structures. These two special structures without any translational symmetry on the normal plane while periodical arrangement along the normal direction, are a new class of intermediate structures between crystals and quasicrystals. And thus, they does not belong to any crystals or 2D ordered structures in quasicrystals or quasicrystal approximants.

Key words: crystal quasicrystal approximants Laves phase domain structure ordered structure

Received: 30 July 2018

ZTFLH:

TG111.5

Fund: Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2016YFB0701202) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51371046, 51525101, 51501032 and U1610253)

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	Gaowu QIN
	Hongbo XIE
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	Yuping REN

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00357 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2018/V54/I11/1490

Fig.1 Schematic of the solid matters in nature, including the amorphous (red), crystals (blue), quasicrystals (yellow), approximants (baby blue) and ordered structures between the crystals and quasicrystals (green)

Fig.2 Comparison of the HRTEM images and the corresponding selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns of amorphous alloy (a)^[1] and crystal alloy (b)

Fig.3 Typical electron diffraction pattern of a Mg-Al-Zn three-dimensional icosahedral quasicrystal (a), high-resolution HAADF-STEM image of the Mg-Al-Zn icosahedral quasicrystal (b), modeled atomic arrangement of the Cd-Yb icosahedral quasicrystal (c)^[31] and the 3D view of Cd-Yb icosahedral quasicrystal (d)^[31] (The electron beam is parallel to the five-fold axis in Figs.3a~c)

Fig.4 Decagonal structure is a 2-dimensional quasicrystal, whose characteristic is well represented by a regular decagonal prism, as schematically shown with the relevant electron diffraction patterns of tenfold and twofold symmetries (a) and atomic-scale HAADF-STEM image of a 2D Al₇₀Mn₁₇Pd₁₃ decagonal quasicrystal, the electron beam is parallel to ten-fold axis (b)^[32]

Fig.5 The [010] HAADF-STEM image of the (3/2, 2/1) orthorhombic approximants, where the same color means the same orientation (a), and the corresponding schematic of the tiles (b)^[34]. One shield-like tile (SLT) is highlighted in semitransparent yellow in the upper right area and one enlarged experimental SLT at atomic resolution is inserted in the lower right corner. One SLT consists of two shutter-like hexagons and one pentagon-like star, with the mirror symmetry (m) going through the center from head to tail (a and c represent the lattice parameters of the orthorhombic approximants)

Fig.6 SAED pattern taken from a V-Ni-Si microdomain structure showing a tenfold symmetry (a) and HRTEM image of the V-Ni-Si domain structure in which some unit cells of the Frank-Kasper phases, C and L (C14 Laves), are indicated. Each bright dot represents the projection of a chain of interlocked icosahedra (b)^[23]

Fig.7 Modeled atomic arrangement of three kinds of Laves phases viewed along the [0001] (a, c) and [112] (b) directions
(b) MgNi₂ Laves phase, C36, with a stacking sequence of “…ABAC…”
(c) MgCu₂ Laves phase, C15, with a stacking sequence of “…ABCABC…”

Fig.8 HAADF-STEM images of the Mg-1.5In-0.5Ca alloy aged at 200 ℃ for 24 h (The electron beam is parallel to [0001]_α)^[24]
(a) low-magnification HAADF-STEM image (The inset shows fast Fourier transformation (FFT) image)
(b) atomic-scale HAADF-STEM image

Fig.9 Atomic-scale HAADF-STEM image of the (Mg, In)₂Ca Laves phase (a), atomic schematic diagrams of corresponding modeled atomic arrangement (b), modeled unit cell-1 marked with red dash cicle in Fig.9a (c), and modeled unit cell-2 marked with blue dash cicle in Fig.9a (d)^[24]

Fig.10 HAADF-STEM images of the Mg-6Zn alloy after isothermally aged at 200 ℃ for 8 h, viewed along the [0001]_α (a~c)^[25] and [1120]_α (d) directions
(a) low-magnification HAADF-STEM image
(b, c) some precipitate-rods circled in Fig.10a are enlarged and shown, the atomic-scale HAADF-STEM images indicates the structure in the observed 2D containing two separate unit cells, whose lattice images are labeled as H and R, respectively. The inset in Fig.10b is the corresponding FFT image. The unique characteristics of the 2D five-fold nanodomain structure, five orientation rhombi variants bonding together to form a star pattern and five orientation equilateral hexagon variants bonding together to form a petal pattern, are marked by red star and yellow petal, respectively
(d) atomic-scale HAADF-STEM image viewed along [1120]_α direction indicates the precipitate-rods with periodic arrangements along the normal vector

Fig.11 Atomic schematic diagrams of the precipitate-rod in the Mg-Zn alloy (L—plane distance between Mg atom and adjacent apex Zn atom, Z—the atomic layers)^[25]
(a) modeled atomic arrangement of the precipitate-rod, viewed along [001]_P direction (five-fold axis)
(b) the six kinds of icosahedral clusters models in the precipitate-rod
(c) modeled atomic structure of the 72° rhombus unit cell
(d) modeled atomic structure of the 72° equilateral hexagon unit cell

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