MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Fe-C-Cu POWDER-FORGED CONNECTING ROD

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00486

Acta Metall Sin

2016, Vol. 52

Issue (1): 41-50 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00486

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MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Fe-C-Cu POWDER-FORGED CONNECTING ROD

Linna BAI¹,Fuping LIU^1,²,Sui WANG¹,Feng JIANG¹(

),Jun SUN¹,Liangbin CHEN¹,WANG,Fengyuan²

1 State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
2 School of Automobile and Transportation, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266520, China

Cite this article:

Linna BAI,Fuping LIU,Sui WANG,Feng JIANG,Jun SUN,Liangbin CHEN,WANG,Fengyuan. MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Fe-C-Cu POWDER-FORGED CONNECTING ROD. Acta Metall Sin, 2016, 52(1): 41-50.

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Abstract

Powder-forged (P/F) connecting rods have been widely used due to their advantages of high strength, less machining, light weight, and consistency etc.. Currently, P/F connecting rods were only supplied by GKN in Britain and Metaldyne in US in commercial quantities. In this work, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the P/F Fe-C-Cu automobile engine connecting rods (H16) were designed and manufactured domestically, and the factors affecting the fatigue performance were systematically analyzed. The Measured results indicate that the density of the connecting rod is greater than 7.80 g/cm³. Microstructure observation showed that there were no oxide penetrations or network near or at rod surface and the surface decarburization layer is thinner than 70 mm. Anisotropy at different locations inside the P/F connecting rod was revealed. Furthermore, the bending of connecting rods was found to affect the fatigue performance significantly. The microstructure and the surface shot-peening condition had certain influence on the sites of fatigue crack initiation. Most importantly, the fatigue strength of H16 P/F connecting rod was found to be superior to that of the wrought steel-forged connecting rod (C70), and similar to that of P/F connecting rods designed and manufactured by entities.

Key words: powder-forging connecting rod tensile strength fatigue limit microstructure

Received: 16 September 2015

Fund: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51321003)

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	Linna BAI
	Fuping LIU
	Sui WANG
	Feng JIANG
	Jun SUN
	Liangbin CHEN
	WANG
	Fengyuan

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https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00486 OR https://www.ams.org.cn/EN/Y2016/V52/I1/41

Fig.1 Blanks (a) and finished products (b) of H16 powder-forged (P/F) connecting rods

Fig.2 Schematics of sampling locations and testing specimens for the H-shaped cross section (a) and the horizontal section (b) of rod shanks (arrows in Figs.2a and b indicate viewing directions); tensile test specimens extracted from the shank rib and shank web (c) and a fatigue test specimen of the connecting rod blank (d)

Fig.3 OM image of a polished and un-etched up surface cross section of the H16 P/F connecting rod shank, observed from the metallurgical mount shown in Fig.2a

Fig.4 Names of H-shaped cross-sectional areas and morphology and distribution characteristics of MnS (a); OM images of the middle part of rib (b), the inner corner (c), the middle part of web (d), the middle part of horizontal section (e), the lower corner (f) and the outer corner (g) (Fig.4e was observed from the metallurgical mount shown in Fig.2b and the others from that shown in Fig.2a. Dotted line in Fig.4f shows the flow direction, and arrows in Fig.4g show the distribution direction of MnS)

Fig.5 OM images of the decarburized layer near surface (a) and the inner area (b) of the H16 P/F connecting rod

Fig.6 SEM image of the H16 P/F connecting rod (a), distribution of copper by EDS (b), and its high magnified SEM image (c) and TEM images (d~f) (Arrows indicate copper-rich precipitates that mainly distribute in pearlite and aggregate around the cementite)

Table 1 Comparison of Mechanical properties among various connecting rods

Table 2 Fatigue properties of the H16 P/F connecting rod blanks under stress ratio R=-1.5

Fig.7 Stair-case method figure of the H16 P/F connecting rod blanks under R=-1.5

Table 3 Data analysis of stair-case fatigue tests of the H16 P/F connecting rod blanks

Table 4 Fatigue properties of the H16 P/F connecting rod blanks with different extents of bending

Fig.8 Macro-fractographies of the wholely shot-peening H16 P/F connecting rod (a) and partly shot-peening P/F connecting rod blanks with B'=0.15 (b) and B'=0.35 (c) (Circles show the crack initiation areas)

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