<strong>W-Ni-Fe</strong>三元合金等离子球化过程的<strong>SPH</strong>仿真研究

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00381

金属学报

2021, Vol. 57

Issue (2): 247-256 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00381

研究论文

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

W-Ni-Fe三元合金等离子球化过程的SPH仿真研究

侯玉柏¹^,²^,³, 于月光²(

), 郭志猛¹

^1.北京科技大学新材料技术研究院北京 100083
^2.矿冶科技集团有限公司北京 100160
^3.北矿新材科技有限公司北京 102206

Simulation Study of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) Method in Plasma Spheroidization of W-Ni-Fe Ternary Alloys

HOU Yubai¹^,²^,³, YU Yueguang²(

), GUO Zhimeng¹

^1.Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
^2.BGRIMM Technology Group, Beijing 100160, China
^3.BGRIMM Advanced Materials Science & Technology Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 102206, China

引用本文:

侯玉柏, 于月光, 郭志猛. W-Ni-Fe三元合金等离子球化过程的SPH仿真研究[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57(2): 247-256.
Yubai HOU, Yueguang YU, Zhimeng GUO. Simulation Study of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) Method in Plasma Spheroidization of W-Ni-Fe Ternary Alloys[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2021, 57(2): 247-256.

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摘要:

针对表面张力影响下的W-Ni-Fe三元合金，通过光滑粒子流体动力学(SPH)建立了仿真多元金属液滴碰撞融合过程的数值模型，获得了流体在等离子球化过程中的流场和温度分布。结果表明，W的占比越高、粒径越小、环境温度越高、Marangoni力越大，则球化度越好。根据SPH模拟结果选择了平均粒径1.5 μm的W粉、平均粒径4.1 μm的Ni粉和平均粒径2.4 μm的Fe粉为原料，按照质量比W∶Ni∶Fe=90∶7∶3进行喷雾造粒，在等离子焰流温度为8000℃条件下球化，球化后的三元合金粉末球形度好，内部致密。球化后颗粒流动性为11.62 s/50 g，松装密度10.66 g/cm³，有利于使用铺粉方法进行3D打印。证实了SPH仿真结果可靠，该模拟结果可用于指导难熔金属W的等离子球化制备工艺。

关键词 ：光滑粒子流体动力学, 金属液滴, 融合, 等离子, 球化

Abstract：

Metal additive manufacturing three-dimensional printing technology is widely used in the manufacturing industry. This technology is an important scientific and technological achievement in the field of world-class manufacturing, and it has influenced and changed the ways of production, which has brought great changes in the manufacturing field. The plasma spheroidization process can provide a better rate of spheroidization for refractory metals. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a mesh-less Lagrangian method to simulate a flow field and enable heat transfer. This method has shown great potential for replacing the traditional numerical methods and has been successfully used to simulate the collision and fusion process of metal droplets during plasma spheroidization. In this study, the SPH technique has been employed to simulate the collision and fusion processes of multiple metal droplets of a W-Ni-Fe ternary alloy in plasma spheroidization with the consideration of the effect of surface tension. The spheroidization process has been visualized with fluid evolution in terms of the flow field and temperature distribution. A high spheroidization quality is found in a system with the a high amount of tungsten, small tungsten particle size, high processing environment temperature, and large Marangoni force. To check the simulation results, spheroidization experiments have been conducted using the following raw materials: tungsten powder with an average particle size of 1.5 μm, nickel powder with an average particle size of 4.1 μm, and iron powder with an average particle size of 2.4 μm. The raw materials were mixed with a mass ratio of W∶Ni∶Fe=90∶7∶3 and then spheroidized at 8000^oC. The achieved ternary alloy powder has high sphericity and dense internal structure. The flowability of the powders is 11.62 s/50 g. The apparent density is 10.66 g/cm³. The resulting products show high precision and good efficiency. The experiments confirm the consistency of SPH simulation. The simulation results can be used to guide development in the fabrication process of the spheroidized powder of refractory metals, such as tungsten.

Key words： smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) metal droplet fusion plasma spheroidization

收稿日期: 2020-09-22

ZTFLH:

TG146.4

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0305800)

作者简介: 侯玉柏，男，1978年生，教授，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00381 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2021/V57/I2/247

图1 W-Ni-Fe三元合金光滑粒子流体动力学(SPH)模型

表1 材料物性参数

表2 不同工况的建模参数

图2 利用SPH方法计算的不同条件下液滴碰撞模拟结果分布图

图3 W-Ni-Fe三元合金在不同元素配比下(模型1~3)的液滴融合状态(a) W∶Ni∶Fe=90∶7∶3 (b) W∶Ni∶Fe=85∶10.5∶4.5 (c) W∶Ni∶Fe=80∶14∶6

图4 W-Ni-Fe三元合金在不同温度下(模型4~6)的液滴融合状态(a) 5000oC (b) 8000oC (c) 10000oC

图5 W-Ni-Fe三元合金在不同W液滴直径下(模型7~9)的液滴融合状态(a) 2.5 μm (b) 3.0 μm (c) 3.5 μm

图6 W-Ni-Fe三元合金在不同Marangoni系数(模型10~12)时的液滴融合状态(a) 0.058 (b) 0.58 (c) 5.8

表3 不同条件下W-Ni-Fe三元合金的融合数据

图7 不同条件下液滴融合后的球化度及致密度曲线(a) models 1-3 (b) models 4-6 (c) models 7-9 (d) models 10-12

图 8 W-Ni-Fe三元合金球化前后的SEM像

图9 W-Ni-Fe三元合金球化后的SEM像和EDS分析

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