高端冷轧箔带形状<strong>/</strong>性能协同测控现状及趋势预测

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00268

金属学报

2021, Vol. 57

Issue (3): 295-308 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2020.00268

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高端冷轧箔带形状/性能协同测控现状及趋势预测

杨利坡¹^,²(

), 张海龙¹, 张永顺¹

^1.燕山大学国家冷轧板带装备及工艺工程技术研究中心秦皇岛 066004
^2.燕山大学亚稳材料制备技术与科学国家重点实验室秦皇岛 066004

Present Analysis and Trend Prediction of Shape/ Performance Collaborative Control for High-End Cold Rolling Foils

YANG Lipo¹^,²(

), ZHANG Hailong¹, ZHANG Yongshun¹

^1.National Engineering Research Center for Equipment and Technology of Cold Strip Rolling, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
^2.State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China

引用本文:

杨利坡, 张海龙, 张永顺. 高端冷轧箔带形状/性能协同测控现状及趋势预测[J]. 金属学报, 2021, 57(3): 295-308.
Lipo YANG, Hailong ZHANG, Yongshun ZHANG. Present Analysis and Trend Prediction of Shape/ Performance Collaborative Control for High-End Cold Rolling Foils[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2021, 57(3): 295-308.

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摘要:

随着柔性屏、微型机电、医疗仿生、环保节能等高端产品的快速发展和迅速产业化，不同材质、规格的特种合金箔带的市场需求和质量要求水涨船高，尤其以厚度0.1 mm以内的压延箔带原材料，在微成形、微制造、微装备等高端领域不可或缺。然而，在轧制形变过程中，大宽厚比高端箔带受晶粒、织构、表面形貌、瞬态温度和力学状态的影响明显，普遍存在不同程度的尺寸效应和局部失稳现象，不仅直接影响退火组织和精整工艺制度，使箔带生产关联工序繁多，而且形状尺寸和力学性能差异大，间接影响产品质量，导致成本激增。为了从根本上解决难变形合金箔带的形状/性能指标，提高其室温/低温冷轧形变特性和综合性能，不仅需要从微观组织和表面形貌多角度重构传统的各向同性本构关系，考虑晶粒、织构、热、力、位移差异带来的尺寸耦合特征和同步匹配关系，而且还需要从检测仪器仪表、工况误差、大数据聚类评估等角度，协同分析形变、性能之间的逻辑关系和调控规律，从而改善板形、板厚、表面质量、机械性能等指标。基于上述思路，分别从形状/性能表征、形变机理、测控过程、检测装备、数学模型等方面，阐述总结了当前冷轧箔带的研究现状，梳理了瞬态温度、组织形貌、界面形貌、形变形状和力学性能之间的关系，并针对难变形新材料的异步电轧改形改性新工艺和室温增塑增韧成形机制进行了趋势预测，尝试为大宽厚比特种合金箔带形状/性能协同测控的理论研究和快速应用提供新的思路。

关键词 ：大宽厚比高端箔带, 形状/性能协同控制, 增塑增韧, 在线改形改性, 异步电轧

Abstract：

With the rapid development and industrialization of high-end products such as flexible screens, micro-electromechanical, medical bionics, environmental protection, and energy-saving devices, there has been an increase in the market demand and quality requirements for special alloys with different materials and specifications. In high-end processes such as micro forming, micro manufacturing, and micro equipment, foils with thicknesses of less than 0.1 mm are indispensable as raw materials. However, during rolling deformation processes, the large width-thickness ratio of a foil is affected by many factors, including grains, texture, surface morphology, transient temperature, and mechanical properties. There are generally varying degrees of size effects and local instability that directly affect the annealed structure and finishing process. These render relevant processes for finished foils complicated, resulting in large differences in shape, size, and mechanical properties. These issues also lead to a surge in costs and indirectly affect the quality index as well as the added value of a final product. To fundamentally resolve the shape index of foils with large width-thickness ratios and improve the cold-rolling deformation characteristics and comprehensive performance of foils at room/low temperature, it is necessary to establish constitutive relationships from the multiple angles of microstructure and surface topography. From differences in grain, texture, heat, force, and displacement, considering the size coupling feature and synchronization; and from the perspective of detection instruments, operating condition errors, and big-data cluster evaluation, there is a need to collaboratively analyze the logical relationship and regulation between deformation and performance. Based on the above ideas and from the aspects of shape characterizations, deformation mechanism, measurement and control, testing equipment, and mathematical model, recent studies on the cold-rolling of foils are summarized and the cascade relationship among transient temperature, structure morphology, interface morphology, deformation shape, and mechanical properties is established. For novel high-end materials, the trend of the new process of electropulsing differential speed rolling and the mechanism of plasticizing and toughening at room temperature is predicted in an attempt to provide new ideas and directions for the basic theoretical research and rapid engineering application of the shape/performance collaborative measurement and control of foils with large width-thickness ratios.

Key words： high-end foil with large width-thickness ratio collaborative control of shape and performance plasticizing and toughening online modification of shape and performance asynchronous electric rolling

收稿日期: 2020-07-21

ZTFLH:

TH12

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51305387);河北省自然科学-钢铁联合基金项目(E2015203103)

作者简介: 杨利坡，1978年生，教授，博士

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图1 带材浪形和截面形状示意图(a) edge wave (b) rib wave (c) middle wave (d) lateral displacement

图2 接触界面和润滑摩擦机制

图3 液氮冷却轧制

图4 大宽厚比宽箔带电塑形变基本关系

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