奥氏体不锈钢低温超饱和渗碳实验及热动力学模拟研究<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00170

金属学报

2015, Vol. 51

Issue (12): 1516-1522 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00170

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

奥氏体不锈钢低温超饱和渗碳实验及热动力学模拟研究^*

荣冬松,姜勇,巩建鸣(

)

南京工业大学机械与动力工程学院, 南京 211816

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH AND THERMODYNAMIC SIMULATION OF LOW TEMPERATURE COLOSSAL CARBURIZATION OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL

Dongsong RONG,Yong JIANG,Jianming GONG(

)

College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816

引用本文:

荣冬松,姜勇,巩建鸣. 奥氏体不锈钢低温超饱和渗碳实验及热动力学模拟研究^*[J]. 金属学报, 2015, 51(12): 1516-1522.
Dongsong RONG, Yong JIANG, Jianming GONG. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH AND THERMODYNAMIC SIMULATION OF LOW TEMPERATURE COLOSSAL CARBURIZATION OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2015, 51(12): 1516-1522.

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摘要:

采用OM, EPMA, XRD和IXRD等手段, 研究了低温超饱和渗碳(low temperature colossal carburization, LTCC)工艺中CO气体浓度对316L 不锈钢表面渗碳层的微观组织、C浓度分布、表面相结构以及残余应力的影响. 基于热动力学理论建立了LTCC传质和扩散模型, 利用DICTRA软件计算了渗碳层的C浓度和活度分布, 并与实验结果进行比较. 结果表明, 经LTCC工艺处理后的316L 不锈钢表面会形成高硬度的S相, 并产生压缩残余应力. 另外, 增加渗碳工艺中CO 浓度可以显著提高不锈钢表面渗碳层中的C浓度, 进而提高其硬度和压缩残余应力. 在C浓度较低时, 计算的C浓度和活度分布与实验结果吻合很好, 当C浓度较高时, 由于陷阱阵点的减少以及较大压缩残余应力的作用导致计算结果偏低.

关键词 ：低温超饱和渗碳, 奥氏体不锈钢, DICTRA, C浓度, 活度

Abstract：

Because of excellent corrosion resistance, good toughness and machinability, austenitic stainless steels are widely used in many industries. In order to improve the corrosion resistance, the carbon content of austenitic stainless steel is ultra-low, resulting in low surface hardness, poor wear and fatigue resistance properties which limit its application. Low temperature colossal carburization (LTCC) is a kind of novel surface strengthening technology for significantly increasing the surface hardness of austenitic stainless steels, while keeping their original excellent corrosion resistance because of no formation of carbides. The wear, fatigue and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel of low temperature carburized layer have been investigated in recent years. However, the researches on key technical parameters, especially the carburizing atmosphere and the alloying element, have been rarely reported due to intellectual property protection limits. In this work, OM, EPMA, XRD and IXRD are used to investigate the effects of CO concentration on the microstructure, carbon concentration distribution, phase constitution and residual stress of the carburized layer on 316L austenitic stainless steel surface. Based on thermodynamic theory, the model of carbon transfer and diffusion was also built by software DICTRA to calculate the distribution of carbon concentration and activity of low temperature carburized layer. The results reveal that S phase is detected on 316L austenitic stainless steel surface treated by LTCC, and the compressive residual stress is formed at the same time. The increment of CO concentration can significantly increase the carbon concentration of carburized layer, which improve the hardness and compressive residual stress. The simulated carbon concentration and activity distributions are in accordance with the experimental results when the carbon concentration is lower, but when the carbon concentration is higher, the simulated carbon concentration is lower than experimental results due to the decrease of trapping sites and high compressive residual stress.

Key words： low temperature colossal carburization austenitic stainless steel DICTRA carbon concentration activity

基金资助:*国家自然科学基金项目51475224, 江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目14KJA470002 和江苏省普通高校研究生创新计划项目CXZZ12_0420资助

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2015.00170 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2015/V51/I12/1516

图1 奥氏体不锈钢低温超饱和渗碳(LTCC)工艺示意图

图2 经不同CO浓度的渗碳气体LTCC处理后316L不锈钢截面的OM像

图3 C浓度分布测量和模拟曲线

图4 316L不锈钢基体和S3试样表面XRD谱

图5 渗碳层残余应力和C浓度关系

图6 奥氏体不锈钢LTCC模型几何示意图

图7 743 K时316L不锈钢C浓度与活度关系曲线

图8 S1, S2和S3试样C活度分布计算曲线

图9 S1, S2和S3试样表面C浓度测量值和模拟曲线

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