The Dynamic Behavior Hidden in the Long Time Scale of Metallic Glasses and Its Effect on the Properties

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00247

Acta Metall Sin

2018, Vol. 54

Issue (11): 1479-1489 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00247

Microstructures

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The Dynamic Behavior Hidden in the Long Time Scale of Metallic Glasses and Its Effect on the Properties

Weihua WANG^1,²(

), Peng LUO^1,²(

)

1 Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Cite this article:

Weihua WANG, Peng LUO. The Dynamic Behavior Hidden in the Long Time Scale of Metallic Glasses and Its Effect on the Properties. Acta Metall Sin, 2018, 54(11): 1479-1489.

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Abstract

Metallic glasses (MGs) have disordered microstructure and no defects like in crystalline materials and possess a suite of outstanding mechanical and functional properties, showing thus promising potential for wide applications. Due to the lack of long range structural order, it is fraught with difficulties to construct the structure-property relationship in amorphous materials. The study of relaxation dynamics provides a very important approach to understand MGs, and is vital to understand their stability and deformation behavior and remains a core issue in the field of condensed matter physics and materials science. In recent years, with the use of more advanced research methods and the deepening of research, it was found that there exists rich dynamics covered by the extremely wide time scale and the different length scales of glassy state. Different dynamic modes not only correlate with each other but also show distinction. This article reviews recent progress in the study of relaxation dynamics in MGs, and its role in understanding and modifying material properties and optimizing material preparation.

Key words: metallic glass relaxation dynamics mechanical property ultrastable glass

Received: 08 June 2018

ZTFLH:

TG139

Fund: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.11790291, 51571209 and 51461165101), National Basic Research Program of China (No.2015CB856800), National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos.2016YFB0300501 and 2017YFB0903902), Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences (No.QYZDY-SSW-JSC017) and the Strategic Priority Research of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.XDPB0601)

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Fig.1 Temperature (T) dependence of the loss modulus (E") of Y₆₀Ni₂₀Al₂₀ metallic glass (MG) at 1 Hz and a heating rate of 3 K/min (The inset shows the temperature dependent E"/E"_α for Y_xNi₂₀Al_80-_x MGs (x=50, 55, 60, 65 and 70), where only the β relaxation peaks are shown. E"_α represents the corresponding maximum of E" of α-relaxation peak)^[87]

Fig.2 Relative enthalpy change (ΔH) against annealing time (t_a) for single-step (curve A) and double-step (curves B~F) annealing (a) and Boson peak height against t_a for single-step (curve I) and double-step (curves II and III) annealing (b)^[106]

Fig.3 Temperature dependence of correlation functions measured for wave vector q₀=2.56 ?^-1 by means of X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) (The inset shows the temperature dependence of the corresponding shape parameter, and the line indicates the glass transition temperature (T_g), β—shape parameter)^[109]

Fig.4 The flow behavior of four MGs at different temperatures (scaled by T_g): Y₆₀Ni₂₀Al₂₀ (☆), Gd₅₅Al₂₅Cu₁₀Co₁₀ (△), La₅₅Ni₂₀Al₂₅ (□), Zr₅₀Cu₄₀-Al₁₀ (●) with a mandrel diameter of 3 mm; Zr₅₀Cu₄₀Al₁₀ MG with a mandrel diameter of 6 mm are also shown (○). RT refers to room temperature^[120]

Fig.5 Stress relaxation profiles of Zr₄₄Ti₁₁Cu₁₀Ni₁₀Be₂₅ MG, from bottom to top and left to right, T=629, 619, 609, 599, 589, 579, 569, 559, 539, 519, 499, 469 and 439 K (The stress σ(t) is normalized by its initial value σ(0) at t=0; the strain applied is 0.3%. Solid lines are theoretical fits to the data)^[121]

Fig.6 Schematic Arrhenius diagram concerning dynamical behaviors of MG and its high temperature liquid precursors (Γ—relaxation rate)^[121]

Fig.7 Deposition rate (R) dependence of T_g (The inset is R dependence of glass crystallization temperature (T_x). The T_g and T_x with their variation ranges for the ordinary glass obtained from traditional liquid cooling are presented by the shaded magenta areas for comparison)^[137]

Fig.8 Comparison of surface relaxation with bulk α and β relaxations (T_sub—the substrate temperature, STM—scanning tunneling microscope)^[137]

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