电磁冶金技术研究新进展

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00373

金属学报

2020, Vol. 56

Issue (4): 583-600 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00373

综述

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

电磁冶金技术研究新进展

任忠鸣^1,²(

),雷作胜^1,²,李传军^1,²,玄伟东^1,²,钟云波^1,²,李喜^1,²

^1.上海大学省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室上海 200444
^2.上海大学上海市钢铁冶金新技术应用重点实验室上海 200444

New Study and Development on Electromagnetic Field Technology in Metallurgical Processes

REN Zhongming^1,²(

),LEI Zuosheng^1,²,LI Chuanjun^1,²,XUAN Weidong^1,²,ZHONG Yunbo^1,²,LI Xi^1,²

^1.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
^2.Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China

引用本文:

任忠鸣,雷作胜,李传军,玄伟东,钟云波,李喜. 电磁冶金技术研究新进展[J]. 金属学报, 2020, 56(4): 583-600.
Zhongming REN, Zuosheng LEI, Chuanjun LI, Weidong XUAN, Yunbo ZHONG, Xi LI. New Study and Development on Electromagnetic Field Technology in Metallurgical Processes[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2020, 56(4): 583-600.

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摘要:

电磁冶金技术是高品质钢生产的必备手段。本文综述了近年来电磁冶金技术的发展，围绕连铸的全流程，包括中间包电磁净化钢液、水口控流、结晶器内电磁搅拌和电磁制动等磁场控制流场、电磁软接触结晶器连铸、电磁场调控凝固组织、电磁场下固态相变及组织控制在内各方面，阐述了电磁场作用的机理，分析了应用电磁场技术的原理和特点，在电磁场控制流场领域提出了多模式定制磁场的概念，以满足高品质钢连铸中复杂状态的要求。在静磁场控制凝固组织领域提出应用强磁场热电磁力的新原理，并指出电磁冶金技术的发展需结合大数据的人工智能以更好发挥作用。

关键词 ：电磁场, 连铸, 净化, 凝固, 电磁软接触, 电磁搅拌, 电磁制动

Abstract：

Electromagnetic metallurgy technology is an essential method of high quality steel production. This article reviews the development of electromagnetic metallurgy technology in recent years, focusing on the whole process of continuous casting, including electromagnetic purification of steel in tundish, nozzle flow control, mould electromagnetic stirring and electromagnetic brake, flow field control via magnetic field, electromagnetic soft contact electromagnetic continuous casting, electromagnetic field regulation of solidification structure, solid phase transformation and microstructure control under electromagnetic field, the mechanism of electromagnetic field action is explained, the principle and characteristics of electromagnetic field technology are analyzed, and the concept of multi-mode magnetic field is proposed in the field of flow field control by using electromagnetic field to meet the requirements of complex states in high quality steel continuous casting. In the field of static magnetic field control solidification structure, a new principle of applying high thermal electromagnetic force is proposed, and it is presented that the development of electromagnetic metallurgy technology needs to combine the artificial intelligence of big data to play a better role.

Key words： electromagnetic field continuous casting purification solidification electromagnetic soft contact electromagnetic stirring electromagnetic brake

收稿日期: 2019-11-04

ZTFLH:

TF19

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(51690162);国家自然科学基金项目(51604172);国家科技重大专项项目(2017-Ⅶ-0008-0102)

作者简介: 任忠鸣，男，1959年生，教授，博士

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2019.00373 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2020/V56/I4/583

图1 施加电磁力时金属熔体中夹杂物上的受力情况示意图[3]

图2 电磁力去除液态金属中夹杂物的示意图[3]

图3 中间包电磁净化去除钢液中非金属夹杂物的示意图

图4 不同旋转速度下钢液在中间包中的平均停留时间

图5 不同电流强度下钢液在中间包内的氧含量降低值

图6 磁场增强连续电渣重熔装置示意图[8]

表1 在电磁场作用下感应加热和减少界面换热对凝固起始点位置的影响的计算结果[23]

图7 调幅磁场电磁连铸实验系统示意图

图8 电磁制动方式对结晶器内流场的影响[39]

图9 电磁场控制连铸中结晶器内流动研究路线

图10 钢连铸过程热模拟实验平台功能示意图

图11 轴承钢连铸结晶器电磁搅拌对铸坯偏析影响

图12 磁场下纯Al和Bi凝固时的DTA曲线[52,53]

图13 有无磁场下籽晶重熔初始区域微观组织[54]

图14 有无磁场下变截面平台处微观组织[55]

图15 在温度梯度和抽拉速率分别为104 K/cm和5 μm/s下，有无4 T磁场时，固/液界面下15 mm处Cr元素的径向分布[74]

图16 有无纵向静磁场下定向凝固GCr15轴承钢CET工艺条件

图17 有无4 T磁场强度下GCr18Mo钢凝固末端凝固缩孔在不同温度梯度和抽拉速率下的体积分数[76]

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