冷却速率对包晶钢凝固过程中包晶转变收缩的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00553

金属学报

2019, Vol. 55

Issue (10): 1311-1318 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00553

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

冷却速率对包晶钢凝固过程中包晶转变收缩的影响

郭军力,文光华(

),符姣姣,唐萍,侯自兵,谷少鹏

重庆大学材料科学与工程学院重庆 400044

Influence of Cooling Rate on the Contraction of Peritectic Transformation During Solidification of Peritectic Steels

GUO Junli,WEN Guanghua(

),FU Jiaojiao,TANG Ping,HOU Zibing,GU Shaopeng

SCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China

引用本文:

郭军力, 文光华, 符姣姣, 唐萍, 侯自兵, 谷少鹏. 冷却速率对包晶钢凝固过程中包晶转变收缩的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2019, 55(10): 1311-1318.
Junli GUO, Guanghua WEN, Jiaojiao FU, Ping TANG, Zibing HOU, Shaopeng GU. Influence of Cooling Rate on the Contraction of Peritectic Transformation During Solidification of Peritectic Steels[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2019, 55(10): 1311-1318.

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摘要:

通过高温激光共聚焦显微镜模拟观察了Fe-0.1C-0.21Si-1.2Mn (质量分数，%)包晶钢在不同冷却速率下的包晶相变过程，然后利用试样表面粗糙度变化反映了包晶转变收缩程度的不同。结果显示，冷却速率超过临界值后包晶转变能够发生快速相变，快速相变引起突然的包晶转变收缩和表面粗糙度变化。随冷却速率的增加包晶钢的包晶转变收缩呈先增加后减小的趋势，在冷却速率为20 ℃/s时表面粗糙度达到最大值，此时的表面粗糙度约是低冷却速率(2.5 ℃/s)时表面粗糙度的2.8倍。当冷却速率足够大后包晶转变收缩又开始减小，这一变化为高拉速下减少包晶钢连铸坯表面纵裂纹的发生提供了新策略。

关键词 ：包晶转变, 收缩, 冷却速率, 表面粗糙度, 包晶钢, 连铸

Abstract：

Driven by the demand for the improving mechanical properties of steel products and the cost reduction in alloys, steels falling within the peritectic composition range are designed recently. However, notoriously cast surface defects such as cracks, deep oscillation mark formation and breakouts are found to occur frequently during continuous casting of steels, particularly at high casting speeds. This phenomenon is closely related to the shrinkage of phase transformation caused by the peritectic transformation. In order to understand the effects of cooling rate on the contraction of the peritectic transformation, the initial solidification processes of a peritectic steel (Fe-0.1C-0.21Si-1.2Mn, mass fraction, %) were observed using high-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy under different cooling rates, and then variations in surface roughness were measured to reflect the degree of peritectic transformation contraction. The results show that the peritectic transformation occurs a massive transformation when the cooling rate exceeds the critical value. The massive transformation results in a sudden peritectic transformation contraction and surface roughness variations, which directly cause the occurrence of surface longitudinal cracks of slabs at high casting speeds. The contraction increases first and then decreases with the cooling rate increasing and the maximum surface roughness at the middle cooling rate (20 ℃/s) is about 2.8 times more extensive than that which occurs at the low cooling rate of 2.5 ℃/s. The phenomenon that the peritectic transformation contraction decreases under the high cooling rate may provide a new strategy to reduce cracks occurring in high speed casting.

Key words： peritectic transformation contraction cooling rate surface roughness peritectic steel continuous casting

收稿日期: 2018-12-19

ZTFLH:

TF777

基金资助:国家自然科学基金委员会-中国宝武钢铁集团有限公司钢铁联合研究基金项目(U1760103)

作者简介: 郭军力，男，1988年生，博士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00553 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2019/V55/I10/1311

图1 实验用温度制度

图2 冷却速率为2.5 ℃/s时的δ→γ转变

图3 图2a中A区域的δ/γ界面分析

图4 凝固过程中2种类型的包晶转变

图5 不同冷却速率下的δ→γ转变温度

图6 快速相变发生时的冷却速率(dT/dt)与过冷度(ΔT)的关系

图7 不同冷速下凝固试样的表面形貌

图8 不同冷却速率下的表面粗糙度及最大表面粗糙度和最小表面粗糙度的差值(φ)

图9 结晶器内凝固初期的冷却速率与拉速对裂纹的影响

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