<strong>TiC</strong>含量对铁基复合材料力学性能及耐磨性能的影响

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00373

金属学报

2019, Vol. 55

Issue (8): 1049-1057 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00373

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

TiC含量对铁基复合材料力学性能及耐磨性能的影响

董虎林,包海萍,彭建洪(

)

青海民族大学物理与电子信息工程学院西宁 810007

Effect of TiC Contents on Mechanical Properties and Wear Resistance of Iron-Based Composites

Hulin DONG,Haiping BAO,Jianhong PENG(

)

Department of Physics and Electron Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationality, Xining 810007, China

引用本文:

董虎林,包海萍,彭建洪. TiC含量对铁基复合材料力学性能及耐磨性能的影响[J]. 金属学报, 2019, 55(8): 1049-1057.
Hulin DONG, Haiping BAO, Jianhong PENG. Effect of TiC Contents on Mechanical Properties and Wear Resistance of Iron-Based Composites[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2019, 55(8): 1049-1057.

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摘要:

利用机械合金化(MA)和真空热压烧结(HP)的方法，以Ti粉、石墨粉和灰铸铁粉为初始原料，原位合成了TiC颗粒增强的铁基复合材料。利用XRD和FESEM (附带EDS)研究了复合材料的物相成分、微观结构和增强体的分布情况。利用密度测试仪、洛氏硬度计、电子万能试验机和销-盘式两体磨料磨损试验机分别测试了复合材料的密度、硬度、压缩应力-应变和抗两体磨料磨损性能。结果表明：在70 MPa压力下于1200 ℃烧结60 min制备的原位TiC颗粒增强的铁基复合材料只含TiC和α-Fe，并且TiC颗粒弥散均匀分布于Fe基体中。当原位TiC的含量为40% (质量分数)时，该复合材料的综合性能最佳，其相对密度和硬度分别达到96.54%和34 HRC (未热处理)；同时压缩性能也最佳，其压缩弹性模量、屈服强度、最大压缩强度和断裂应变分别为19.6 GPa、420 MPa、605 MPa和6.1%；其具有最好的耐磨性能，当载荷为1.5 kg时，其相对耐磨性是纯灰铸铁的2.67倍。

关键词 ：原位反应, TiC/Fe复合材料, 力学性能, 耐磨性能

Abstract：

The TiC particle reinforced iron-based composite materials were prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) and vacuum hot-pressing (HPing) using titanium (99.9%, 75 μm), graphite (>99.9%, 10 μm) and grey cast iron (>99.5%, 25 μm) powders as starting materials. And TiC particles were also in situ synthesized during HPing. The phase composition, microstructures and distribution of TiC of as-fabricated composite materials were investigated using XRD and FESEM equipped with EDS. The density, hardness, compressive stress-strain and two-body abrasive wear behavior of as-fabricated composite materials were tested using densitometer, rockwell hardness tester, electro-mechanical universal testing machines and pin-on-disk type two body abrasive wear tester, respectively. The results confirm that the in situ synthesized TiC particulate reinforced iron-based composite materials only have TiC and α-Fe phases when sintered at 1200 ℃ for 60 min at the pressure of 70 MPa. The TiC particles were dispersed homogeneously in the iron matrix. The composite with TiC content of 40% (TiC40/Fe) possesses the best comprehensive performance among all as-produced TiC/Fe composites. Its relative density and hardness are 94% and 34 HRC (without heat treatment), respectively. And the compressive property of the TiC40/Fe composite is the best too. Its elastic modulus, yield strength, maximum compressive strength and fracture strain are 19.6 GPa, 420 MPa, 605 MPa and 6.1%, respectively. The TiC40/Fe composite has the best wear resistance, especially at 1.5 kg load, its relative wear resistance is 2.67 times higher than that of pure grey casting iron.

Key words： in situ reaction TiC/Fe composite mechanical property wear resistance

收稿日期: 2018-08-16

ZTFLH:

TB333

基金资助:国际科技合作项目((No.2015DFR50990));青海省国际科技合作专项项目(Nos.2014-HZ-819 and 2015-HZ-811)

作者简介: 董虎林，男，1990年生，硕士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2018.00373 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2019/V55/I8/1049

图1 纯灰铸铁和TiC颗粒增强铁基复合材料的XRD谱

图2 TiC颗粒增强的铁基复合材料的SEM像和EDS

表1 原位TiC颗粒增强的铁基复合材料的致密性

图3 原位TiC颗粒增强铁基复合材料的Rockwell硬度

图4 原位TiC颗粒增强铁基复合材料和纯灰铸铁的压缩应力-应变曲线

图5 纯灰铸铁和原位TiC颗粒增强铁基复合材料的压缩断裂实物图

表2 纯灰铸铁和原位TiC颗粒增强铁基复合材料的体积磨损量

表3 原位TiC颗粒增强铁基复合材料的相对耐磨性

图6 2.5 kg载荷下纯灰铸铁和原位TiC颗粒增强的铁基复合材料磨损表面形貌的SEM像

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