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金属学报  2017, Vol. 53 Issue (6): 719-725    DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2016.00342
  本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
Al-Si-Ge钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头组织与性能研究
牛志伟,叶政,刘凯凯,黄继华(),陈树海,赵兴科
北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院 北京 100083
Microstructure and Property of Cu/Al Joint Brazed with Al-Si-Ge Filler Metal
Zhiwei NIU,Zheng YE,Kaikai LIU,Jihua HUANG(),Shuhai CHEN,Xingke ZHAO
School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
引用本文:

牛志伟,叶政,刘凯凯,黄继华,陈树海,赵兴科. Al-Si-Ge钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头组织与性能研究[J]. 金属学报, 2017, 53(6): 719-725.
Zhiwei NIU, Zheng YE, Kaikai LIU, Jihua HUANG, Shuhai CHEN, Xingke ZHAO. Microstructure and Property of Cu/Al Joint Brazed with Al-Si-Ge Filler Metal[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2017, 53(6): 719-725.

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摘要: 

首次采用Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge钎料对Cu/Al异种金属进行了炉中钎焊,分别从钎料的熔化特性、铺展润湿性、Cu侧界面组织以及钎焊接头强度等方面进行了系统研究,并与Zn-22Al钎料钎焊结果进行对比。结果表明,Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge钎料具有较低的熔化温度(约541 ℃),同时在Cu、Al母材上均具有良好的铺展润湿性。Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge/Cu界面由CuAl2/CuAl/Cu3Al2三层化合物组成,其中CuAl和Cu3Al2呈层状,厚度较薄,仅为1~2 μm;CuAl2呈胞状,平均厚度约为3 μm。Zn-22Al/Cu界面结构为CuAl2/CuAl/Cu9Al4,其中CuAl2层平均厚度高达15 μm。接头抗剪切强度测试结果表明,Zn-22Al钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头抗剪切强度仅为42.7 MPa,而Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头具有更高的抗剪切强度,为53.4 MPa。

关键词 Al-Si-Ge钎料Cu/Al接头界面组织抗剪强度    
Abstract

Cu/Al brazing has good prospect for applications in the air conditioning and refrigeration industry. A suitable filler metal is the key of Cu/Al brazing. The chemical and physical properties of the filler metal have great influence on the brazing process and parameters. And the strength of the brazing joint is closely related to the properties of the filler metal and the brazing process. While the previous studies have not developed a kind of Cu/Al brazing filler metal which can achieve a tough joint at a low brazing temperature. In this work, the Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge filler metal was first used to braze Cu/Al dissimilar metals, and the melting characteristics of the filler metal, spreading wettability, Cu interfacial structure and strength of brazed joint were investigated systematically. Additionally, the common Zn-22Al filler metal was also used for comparison. The results show that the Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge filler metal possesses low melting temperature (about 541 ℃) and excellent spreading wettability on Cu and Al base metals. The interfacial structure of Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge/Cu was CuAl2/CuAl/Cu3Al2. The thickness of planar CuAl and Cu3Al2 phases was only 1~2 μm, and the thickness of cellular CuAl2 phase was about 3 μm. The interfacial structure of Zn-22Al/Cu was CuAl2/CuAl/Cu9Al4, but the average thickness of the CuAl2 layer was up to 15 μm. The test results of the shearing strength show that the shearing strength of the Cu/Al joint brazed with Zn-22Al filler metal was only 42.7 MPa, but the shearing strength brazed with Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge filler metal was higher (53.4 MPa).

Key wordsAl-Si-Ge filler metal    Cu/Al joint    interfacial structure    shearing strength
收稿日期: 2016-08-01     
基金资助:广东省科技计划项目No.2010A080402014
图1  接头装配示意图
图2  Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge和Zn-22Al钎料的SEM像及XRD谱
图3  钎料的DTA曲线
图4  Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge和Zn-22Al钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头的SEM像和EDS元素线扫描结果
Position
in Fig.4
Atomic fraction / % Phase
Al Cu Ge Si
A 67.15 32.85 - - CuAl2
B 48.22 51.78 - - CuAl
C 41.41 58.59 - - Cu3Al2
D - - 78.54 21.46 Ge solid solution
E 69.09 30.91 - - CuAl2
F 51.17 48.83 - - CuAl
G 29.43 70.57 - - Cu9Al4
表1  图4中Cu/Al接头界面区物相的EDS分析结果
图5  Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge和Zn-22Al钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头断口的SEM像
图6  典型的Cu/Al钎焊接头断裂位置的SEM像
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