三代核电接管安全端异种金属焊接接头的显微表征

doi:10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00299

金属学报

2015, Vol. 51

Issue (4): 425-439 DOI: 10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00299

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

三代核电接管安全端异种金属焊接接头的显微表征

丁杰^1,²(

), 张志明^1,², 王俭秋^1,², 韩恩厚^1,², 唐伟宝^3,⁴, 张茂龙^3,⁴, 孙志远^3,⁴

1 中国科学院金属研究所核用材料与安全评价重点实验室, 沈阳 110016
2 中国科学院金属研究所辽宁省核电材料安全与评价技术重点实验室, 沈阳 110016
3 上海电气核电设备有限公司, 上海 201306
4 上海核电装备焊接及检测工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306

MICRO-CHARACTERIZATION OF DISSIMILAR METAL WELD JOINT FOR CONNECTING PIPE- NOZZLE TO SAFE-END IN GENERATION III NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

DING Jie^1,²(

), ZHANG Zhiming^1,², WANG Jianqiu^1,², HAN En-Hou^1,², TANG Weibao^3,⁴, ZHANG Maolong^3,⁴, SUN Zhiyuan^3,⁴

1 Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016
2 Liaoning Key Laboratory for Safety and Assessment Technique of Nuclear Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016
3 Shanghai Electric Nuclear Power Equipment Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201306
4 Shanghai Research Center for Weld and Detection Engineering Technique of Nuclear Equipment, Shanghai 201306

引用本文:

丁杰, 张志明, 王俭秋, 韩恩厚, 唐伟宝, 张茂龙, 孙志远. 三代核电接管安全端异种金属焊接接头的显微表征[J]. 金属学报, 2015, 51(4): 425-439.
Jie DING, Zhiming ZHANG, Jianqiu WANG, En-Hou HAN, Weibao TANG, Maolong ZHANG, Zhiyuan SUN. MICRO-CHARACTERIZATION OF DISSIMILAR METAL WELD JOINT FOR CONNECTING PIPE- NOZZLE TO SAFE-END IN GENERATION III NUCLEAR POWER PLANT[J]. Acta Metall Sin, 2015, 51(4): 425-439.

全文: PDF(20355 KB) HTML

摘要:

利用OM, TEM, SEM, 显微硬度仪, AFM, 磁力显微镜(MFM)和扫描Kelvin探针(SKPFM)等微观分析手段, 分析了先进压水堆核电站反应堆压力容器安全端异种金属焊接接头低合金钢A508/镍基焊料52M/奥氏体不锈钢316L的金相组织、显微硬度、主要合金元素、晶界类型以及残余应变的分布, 并对比了整个焊接接头不同厚度上的组织和性能. 结果表明, 焊缝厚度方向上组织和硬度没有显著差别, 底焊位置出现一层未熔焊料形成的细小等轴晶, 在316L母材热影响区(HAZ)内残余应变较焊接件其它位置高, 熔合线附近具有复杂的微观结构、显微硬度、晶界类型、元素成分和残余应变分布. TEM和MFM分析表明, 母材316L基体内有富Cr, Mo元素的颗粒状析出相, SKPFM的结果显示该析出相Volta电势较基体更负, 因而更不耐腐蚀.

关键词 ：异种金属焊接, 显微结构, 显微硬度, 成分分布, 晶界类型, 残余应变

Abstract：

The dissimilar metal weld joint (DMWJ) in primary water system of pressurized water reactors (PWRs) has been proven to be a vulnerable component owing to its proneness to different type of flaws. Thus, maintaining integrity of such joint in case of defect presence is of great importance to the design and safe management of nuclear power plants (NPPs). For a reliable integrity analysis of DMWJ, it is essential to understand the microscopic characteristics in all regions of the joint. In this work, OM, TEM, SEM, durometer, AFM, MFM and SKPFM were utilized to investigate the microstructure, micro-hardness and the distribution of main elements, grain boundary characteristic and residual strain in the A508/52M/316L DMWJ that used for connecting the pipe safe-end and the nozzle of reactor pressure vessel in PWRs, and a comparative analysis about the microstructure and property along the radical direction of the DMWJ was obtained. The results showed that there was no region that differed from the other part of the weldment in terms of the microstructure and micro-hardness dramatically. A layer of fine grain resulting from unmelted filler metal was found in the backing weld part of the joint. The residual strain in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of 316L was higher than that in other regions. Meanwhile, drastic variations in the microstructure, chemical composition distribution and grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) in both the 316L/52Mw and the 52Mb/A508 interface regions were observed. The analyses using TEM and MFM test showed that a large number of chromium and molybdenum-rich precipitates particles distributed both along the grain boundaries and inside grains in the 316L base metal, which were identified to be precipitates with complex elementary composition rather than the normal string delta ferrite in 316L austenitic stainless steel. The SKPFM test result indicated that these precipitates were more prone to be corroded than the base metal. Therefore, further investigation about the cause of deformation and the impacts to the corrosion resistance, particularly the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) sensitivity of the precipitates needs to be carried out.

Key words： dissimilar metal welding microstructure micro-hardness chemical composition distribution grain boundary character residual strain

ZTFLH:

TG113

基金资助:* 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目G2011CB610502和国家科技重大项目2011ZX06004-009资助

作者简介: null

丁杰, 男, 1990年生, 硕士生

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https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/10.11900/0412.1961.2014.00299 或 https://www.ams.org.cn/CN/Y2015/V51/I4/425

表1 异种金属焊接件各部分材料的主要合金元素含量

图1 异种金属焊接件宏观形貌图及取样方案

图2 对接焊缝52Mw与堆焊隔离层52Mb的组织形貌

图3 位置4样品焊缝宏观组织与位置3样品对接焊缝底焊位置细小等轴晶的OM像

图4 A508内壁镍基合金包覆层的OM像

图5 母材316L的组织形貌及析出相形态的OM像

图6 母材316L中大颗粒析出相的SEM像及MFM, SKPFM分析结果

图7 母材316L中小颗粒析出相的SEM像、TEM像和EDS分析

图8 316LSS热影响区组织形貌

图9 母材A508基体组织形貌

图10 A508热影响区组织形貌

图11 A508与内壁包覆层接触部分热影响区的组织形貌

图12 316L/52Mw熔合线界面组织形貌

图13 52Mb/A508熔合线界面组织形貌

图14 异种金属焊接接头不同壁厚处的显微硬度分布

图15 316L/52Mw熔合线界面主要合金元素分布

图16 52Mb/A508熔合线界面主要合金元素分布

图17 316L/52Mw熔合线界面附近晶界类型分布的EBSD像

图18 316L/52Mw熔合线界面附近晶界特征分布

图19 外壁52Mb/A508 熔合线界面晶界类型分布图

图20 52Mb/A508 熔合线界面附近晶界特征分布

图21 内壁熔合线界面附近核心平均取向差(KAM)分布图的EBSD像

图22 熔合线界面附近核心平均取向差(KAM)分布

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